国际惯例，先上官方文档: pytest
经常使用的单元测试一般是自带的unittest或者是文档测试，下面是他们简单的例子
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| # content of unittest_demo.py
import unittest
def fun(x):
return x + 1
class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test(self):
self.assertEqual(fun(3), 4)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
$ python3 unittest_demo.py
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| # content of doctest_demo.py
def square(x):
"""返回x的平方
>>> square(2)
4
>>> square(-1)
4
"""
return x * x
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
$ python3 doctest_demo.py
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可见这两个都比较繁琐或者配置比较复杂，所以我选择使用pytest这个第三方库
好了可以使用了
需要注意的是：”pytest(py.test)”会执行所有test_.py或者_test.py文件，或者pytest -q test_xx.py来指定，-q == quiet，结果不显示不相关的东西
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| # content of test_sample.py
def func(x):
return x + 1
def test_answer1():
assert func(3) == 4
def test_answer2():
assert func(4) == 5
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| # content of test_class.py
class TestClass(object):
def test_one(self):
x = 'this'
assert 'h' in x
def test_two(self):
x = 'hello'
assert hasattr(x, 'format')
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| # content of test_sysexit.py
import pytest
def f():
raise SystemExit(1)
def test_mytest():
with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
f()
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